Cervical Insufficiency During Pregnancy

Cervical insufficiency during pregnancy is a condition where the cervix may suddenly open during the second or third trimester, potentially leading to miscarriage or preterm birth. This condition often develops without any symptoms and can have serious consequences if not detected and treated early. In this article, we will discuss what cervical insufficiency is, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods.

What is Cervical Insufficiency?

Cervical insufficiency is when the cervix is not strong enough to maintain a pregnancy, causing it to open too early during pregnancy. Normally, the cervix remains closed throughout pregnancy and begins to open closer to the time of delivery. However, in women with cervical insufficiency, the cervix may start to open in the early stages, usually after the 20th week, without pain or contractions.

Symptoms of Cervical Insufficiency

Cervical insufficiency often shows no noticeable symptoms. However, in some cases, the following symptoms may occur:

• Pelvic Pressure: A feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen.
• Back Pain: Pain, especially in the lower back area.
• Vaginal Discharge: Increased vaginal discharge.
• Light Bleeding: Vaginal bleeding or spotting.

It is important to consult a healthcare professional immediately if these symptoms are present.

Causes of Cervical Insufficiency

Factors contributing to cervical insufficiency include:

• Surgical Procedures: Surgeries like conization performed on the cervix.
• Trauma: Events that cause trauma to the cervix.
• Congenital Anomalies: Structural anomalies of the cervix.
• Hormonal Factors: Changes in hormone levels during pregnancy.

Diagnosis of Cervical Insufficiency

Cervical insufficiency is often detected during routine ultrasound screenings in the second trimester. Diagnostic methods include:

• Ultrasound: A transvaginal ultrasound is used to measure the length and opening of the cervix.
• Pelvic Examination: A physical examination to assess the condition of the cervix.